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The Morall Fabillis of Esope the Phrygian
''The Morall Fabillis of Esope the Phrygian'' is a cycle of connected poems by the Scottish makar Robert Henryson. In the accepted text it consists of thirteen versions of fables, seven modelled on stories from "Aesop" expanded from the Latin elegiac Romulus manuscripts, one of the standard fable texts in medieval Europe. The remaining six follow the more general beast epic tradition. Five of this second group feature Henryson's version of the Reynardian trickster figure, the fox, who he calls ''Lowrence''. The core of the poems in the ''beast epic'' group explore a relationship between Lowrence and the figure of the wolf, who similarly appears in five of the six. The wolf then "overlaps" the ''beast epic'' poems of the cycle to make a sixth and most brutal appearance in the final ''verse Romulus'' section.
The subtle and ambiguous way in which Henryson adapted and juxtaposed material from a diversity of sources in the tradition and exploited anthropomorphic conventions to blend human characteristics with animal observation both worked within, and pushed the bounds of, standard practice in the common medieval art of fable re-telling. Henryson fully exploited the fluid aspects of the tradition to produce an unusually sophisticated moral narrative, unique of its kind, making high art of an otherwise conventional genre.〔A general analysis of the literature in its historical context can be found in Edward Wheatley, ''Mastering Aesop: Medieval Education, Chaucer, and his Followers'', University Press of Florida, 2000. He argues that license to interpret and adapt fable texts was generally accepted practice for medieval writers and readers, and that strict adherence to those sources was not necessarily expected.〕
Internal evidence suggests that the work was composed in or around the 1480s.
==The Thirteen Fabillis==
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